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Published: Nov, 2016 | Pages:
239 | Publisher: SNS Research
Industry: ICT | Report Format: Electronic (PDF)
Until recently, most M2M and IoT services have largely relied on licensed cellular, wireline and satellite networks for their wide area connectivity requirements. Cellular networks, in particular, have enjoyed significant success in the arena. However, for many low bandwidth IoT applications, traditional cellular networks are deemed too expensive due excessive power consumption and complex protocols that lower battery life. As a result, a number of LPWA (Low Power Wide Area) alternatives have emerged that specifically seek to address these concerns. LPWA networks are optimized to provide wide area coverage with minimal power consumption. Typically reliant on unlicensed frequencies, LPWA devices have low data rates, long battery lives and can operate unattended for long periods of time. Already prevalent in IoT applications such as smart metering, lighting control and parking management, LPWA networks are expected to make a significant contribution to the M2M and IoT ecosystem, with an estimated $27 Billion in service revenue by 2020. The “LPWA (Low Power Wide Area) Networks Ecosystem: 2015 – 2030 – Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies, Industry Verticals & Forecasts” report presents an in-depth assessment of the LPWA networks ecosystem including LPWA technologies, key trends, market drivers, challenges, vertical market applications, deployment case studies, regulatory landscape, standardization, opportunities, future roadmap, value chain, ecosystem player profiles and strategies. The report also presents market size forecasts from 2015 till 2030. The forecasts are segmented for 9 vertical markets and 6 regions. The report comes with an associated Excel datasheet suite covering quantitative data from all numeric forecasts presented in the report. Topics Covered The report covers the following topics: - LPWA networks ecosystem - Market drivers and barriers - LPWA technologies, spectrum bands and key trends - Assessment of competing cellular, satellite, wireline and short range networking technologies - Vertical market applications, opportunities and deployment case studies - Regulatory landscape and standardization - Industry roadmap and value chain - Profiles and strategies of over 100 leading ecosystem players - Strategic recommendations for ecosystem players - Market analysis and forecasts from 2017 till 2030 Forecast Segmentation Connection and service revenue forecasts are provided for the following submarkets: Technology Submarkets - Proprietary LPWA Technologies - NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things) - LTE Cat-M1 (eMTC/LTE-M) - EC-GSM-IoT (Enhanced Coverage GSM for the Internet of Things) Vertical Markets - Agriculture - Asset Management & Logistics - Automotive & Transportation - Consumer Applications & Home Automation - Energy & Utilities - Healthcare - Intelligent Buildings & Infrastructure - Public Safety, Security & Surveillance - Retail & Vending - Others Regional Markets - Asia Pacific - Eastern Europe - Middle East & Africa - Latin & Central America - North America - Western Europe Key Questions Answered The report provides answers to the following key questions: - How big is the LPWA networks opportunity? - What trends, challenges and barriers are influencing its growth? - How is the ecosystem evolving by segment and region? - What will the market size be in 2020 and at what rate will it grow? - Which regions and submarkets will see the highest percentage of growth? - How are smart city initiatives driving LPWA network investments? - What are the key performance characteristics of LPWA technologies such as Sigfox, LoRa, NB-IoT, LTE Cat-M1 and EC-GSM-IoT? - How does regulation impact the adoption of LPWA networks? - Do cellular LPWA networks pose a threat to proprietary LPWA technologies? - Who are the key market players and what are their strategies? - What strategies should LPWA technology providers, mobile operators, MVNOs, aggregators, IoT platform providers and other ecosystem players adopt to remain competitive? Key Findings The report has the following key findings: - Already prevalent in IoT applications such as smart metering, lighting control and parking management, LPWA networks are expected to make a significant contribution to the M2M and IoT ecosystem, with an estimated $23 Billion in service revenue by 2020. - At present, a majority of LPWA networks are based on proprietary technologies and operate in license-exempt spectrum primarily in sub-GHz bands. - With the recent completion of the NB-IoT, LTE Cat-M1 and EC-GSM-IoT standards by the 3GPP, mobile operators are aggressively investing in software upgrades to build their own carrier-grade LPWA networks. - By 2020, SNS Research estimates that more than 35% of all LPWA profile IoT devices will be served by NB-IoT, LTE Cat-M1 and EC-GSM-IoT networks. - As of Q4’2016, SNS Research estimates the cost of a typical LPWA module to be $4-18, depending on the specific technology. As LPWA network deployments mature, we expect that the cost per module can drop down to as low as $1-2 in volume quantities. List of Companies Mentioned 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) Accellus Communication Networks Aclara Technologies Actility Adeunis RF Aerea Altair Semiconductor Altera Corporation AM Telecom AMBER Wireless Archos Arkessa ARM Holdings Arqiva AT&T AT&T Mobility Atim Atmel Corporation Augtek Bouygues Telecom BT Group Cellnex Telecom CG-Wireless Cisco Systems Coronis Systems Digi International DT (Deutsche Telekom) Du (Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company) EI Towers Elster Group Encore Networks Endetec Homerider Systems Enevo Eolane Ericsson Etisalat Group ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) Eutelsat FLASHNET Gemalto GSMA Helium Systems Hope RF (Hope Microelectronics) Huawei IBM IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) IMST Ingenu INS Group Intel Corporation KCCS (Kyocera Communication Systems) KDDI Corporation Kerlink Kolon Sport KPN Kyocera Corporation LG Innotek LG Uplus Libelium Link Labs LoRa Alliance M2COMM (M²Communication) M2M Spectrum Networks MediaTek Microchip Technology MTS (Mobile TeleSystems) Multi-Tech Systems Nemeus Nettrotter NimbeLink NNNCo (National Narrowband Network Communications) Nokia Nokia Networks Nokia Technologies NTT DoCoMo Nwave Technologies NXP Semiconductors Objenious ON Semiconductor Orange OrbiWise Oviphone PicoWAN Plextek Proximus Group Qowiso Qualcomm Quectel Wireless Solutions Radiocrafts Sagemcom Samsara Networks Samsung Electronics Securitas Semtech Corporation Senet Sensus Sequans Communications Sierra Wireless Sigfox Silicon Labs (Silicon Laboratories) SimpleCell Networks Singtel Group SK Telecom Smarteo Water SoftBank Group Sony Corporation Sprint Corporation Stream Technologies Swisscom Tata Communications Tata Group TechPLEX Tele2 Telecom Design Telecom Italia Telefónica Group Telensa Telit Communications Telkom SA Group Telstra The Things Industries The Things Network TI (Texas Instruments) TIM (Telecom Italia Mobile) Ubiik U-blox Verizon Communications Verizon Wireless Vodafone Group WAVIoT Weightless SIG Wireless IoT Forum WNC (Wistron NeWeb Corporation) Xirgo Technologies Xylem ZiFiSense
Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 14 1.1 Executive Summary 14 1.2 Topics Covered 16 1.3 Forecast Segmentation 17 1.4 Key Questions Answered 19 1.5 Key Findings 20 1.6 Methodology 21 1.7 Target Audience 22 1.8 Companies & Organizations Mentioned 23 Chapter 2: An Overview of LPWA Networks 26 2.1 M2M Networks & the IoT Vision 26 2.1.1 What is M2M Technology? 26 2.1.2 The IoT Vision 27 2.1.3 M2M & IoT Architecture 28 2.2 The Limitations of Traditional M2M Networking Technologies 29 2.3 What are LPWA Networks? 30 2.4 Key Characteristics of LPWA Networks 31 2.4.1 Long Range & Strong Propagation 31 2.4.2 Star Network Topology 31 2.4.3 Low Data Rates 32 2.4.4 Low Power Consumption 32 2.4.5 Battery Life Requirements 32 2.4.6 Scalability 32 2.4.7 Low Cost Modules & Infrastructure 33 2.4.8 Supplementary Features 33 2.5 Market Growth Drivers 34 2.5.1 Addressing Low Throughput IoT Use Cases 34 2.5.2 Cost Saving Potential 34 2.5.3 Energy Saving: Towards Green IoT Networks 35 2.5.4 The 2G Sunset 35 2.5.5 Regulatory Initiatives & Mandates 35 2.5.6 Interest from Vertical Markets 36 2.5.7 Commitments by Industry Giants 36 2.6 Market Barriers 36 2.6.1 Lack of Standardization 36 2.6.2 Interference Concerns 37 2.6.3 Low Revenue per Connection 37 2.6.4 Integration Complexities 37 Chapter 3: LPWA Networking Technologies 39 3.1 UNB (Ultra Narrow Band) 39 3.1.1 Sigfox 39 3.1.2 Telensa 40 3.2 LoRa Alliance 41 3.2.1 Semtech’s LoRA RF Platform 41 3.2.2 LoRaWAN 41 3.2.3 Link Labs’ Symphony Link 42 3.3 Weightless SIG 43 3.3.1 Weightless-W 44 3.3.2 Weightless-N 44 3.3.3 Weightless-P 45 3.4 Ingenu’s RPMA (Random Phase Multiple Access) 45 3.5 Xylem's FlexNet 46 3.6 Aclara's Synergize 47 3.7 Standardized 3GPP Technologies 48 3.7.1 LTE Cat-M1 49 3.7.2 NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things) 50 3.7.3 EC-GSM-IoT (Extended Coverage GSM for the Internet of Things) 52 3.7.4 Key Enhancements & Simplifications to Enable LPWA Operation 53 3.7.5 The Future: 5G NB-IoT 54 3.8 IEEE 802.11 ah & af 54 3.9 Spectrum Options for LPWA Networks 55 3.9.1 ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical Radio) Bands 55 3.9.2 TVWS (TV White Spaces) 55 3.9.3 Licensed Spectrum 56 3.10 Competing M2M Networking Technologies 56 3.10.1 Conventional Cellular Technologies 56 3.10.1.1 2G & 3G 56 3.10.1.2 LTE 57 3.10.1.3 5G 58 3.10.2 Satellite Communications 58 3.10.3 Wireline Networks 58 3.10.4 Short Range Networks 58 3.10.4.1 Wi-Fi 58 3.10.4.2 Bluetooth 59 3.10.4.3 ZigBee 59 3.10.5 Others 59 Chapter 4: Vertical Market Applications, Opportunities & Case Studies 60 4.1 Agriculture 60 4.1.1 Precision Agriculture 60 4.1.2 Livestock Management 60 4.1.3 Agricultural Equipment Monitoring 61 4.2 Asset Management & Logistics 61 4.2.1 Maintaining Real-Time Asset Inventories 61 4.2.2 Supply Chain Visibility 61 4.2.3 Tracking Containers & Goods 61 4.2.4 Monitoring of Shipment Conditions 62 4.2.5 Other Applications 62 4.3 Automotive & Transportation 62 4.3.1 Tracking & Location Services 62 4.3.2 Remote Vehicle Management 62 4.3.3 Safety & Security 63 4.3.4 Other Applications 63 4.4 Consumer Applications & Home Automation 64 4.4.1 Wide Area Tracking 64 4.4.2 Sports & Fitness 64 4.4.3 Smart Homes & Intelligent Appliances 65 4.5 Energy & Utilities 65 4.5.1 Smart Metering 65 4.5.2 Applications in the Oil & Gas Sector 66 4.6 Healthcare 66 4.6.1 Health & Wellness Monitoring 66 4.6.2 Diagnostic Tools 66 4.6.3 Connected Prescription Reminders 67 4.6.4 Other Applications 67 4.7 Intelligent Buildings & Infrastructure 67 4.7.1 Intelligent Buildings 67 4.7.2 Public Infrastructure Management 68 4.7.3 Parking Management 68 4.7.4 Lighting Control 68 4.7.5 Waste Management 68 4.7.6 Environmental Monitoring & Other Applications 69 4.8 Public Safety, Security & Surveillance 69 4.8.1 Perimeter Access Control 69 4.8.2 Connected Security Alarms 69 4.8.3 Other Applications 70 4.9 Retail & Vending 70 4.9.1 POS (Point of Sale) Applications 70 4.9.2 Intelligent Shopping 70 4.9.3 Smart Restocking 71 4.9.4 Other Applications 71 4.10 Other Verticals 71 4.11 LPWA Deployment Case Studies 72 4.11.1 AT&T: Targeting New IoT Markets with LTE Cat-M1 72 4.11.2 BT: Creating the UK’s First IoT Enabled Smart City 73 4.11.3 Enevo: Waste Logistics Optimization with LoRaWAN 73 4.11.4 KT Corporation & LG-Uplus: Collaborating to Accelerate the Adoption of NB-IoT 74 4.11.5 Orange: Capitalizing on Multiple LPWA Technologies 75 4.11.6 Securitas: LPWA Powered Home Security Monitoring 76 4.11.7 Senet: Optimizing Fuel Delivery with LoRaWAN 76 4.11.8 Smarteo Water: Enabling Smart Metering with Sigfox 77 4.11.9 Telensa: Powering Smart Parking & Street Lighting with UNB Technology 77 4.11.10 The Things Network: Crowdsouring IoT Networks 78 4.11.11 Vodafone Group: Establishing a Global NB-IoT Network 79 Chapter 5: Regulatory Landscape 81 5.1 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) 81 5.1.1 Release 12 81 5.1.2 Release 13 81 5.1.3 Release 14 & Beyond 82 5.2 ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) 82 5.2.1 IoT LTN (Low Throughput Networks) Initiative 83 5.3 LoRa Alliance 84 5.4 Weightless SIG 85 5.5 IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 86 5.6 Wireless IoT Forum 87 5.7 GSMA 88 5.7.1 Mobile IoT (LPWA) Initiative 88 5.7.2 NB-IoT Forum 88 5.7.3 LTE-M Task Force 89 5.7.4 EC-GSM-IoT Group 90 Chapter 6: Industry Roadmap & Value Chain 91 6.1 Industry Roadmap 91 6.1.1 2017 - 2020: Initial Rollouts to Support Smart City Applications 91 6.1.2 2020 - 2025: Growing Proliferation of NB-IoT and Licensed LPWA Technologies 92 6.1.3 2025 - 2030 & Beyond: Cannibalizing Legacy Cellular M2M Connections 92 6.2 Value Chain 93 6.2.1 Enabling Technology 93 6.2.1.1 Hardware Providers 93 6.2.1.2 Software Providers 94 6.2.2 Connectivity 94 6.2.2.1 Mobile Operators 94 6.2.2.2 MVNOs & Aggregators 94 6.2.3 Service Enablement 94 6.2.3.1 CDP (Connected Device Platform) Providers 95 6.2.3.2 Application Platform Providers 95 6.2.4 Vertical Solutions 95 6.2.4.1 System Integrators 95 6.2.4.2 Vertical Market Specialists 95 6.2.5 Other Ecosystem Players 95 6.2.5.1 Cloud Platform Providers 96 6.2.5.2 Big Data & Analytics Specialists 96 6.2.5.3 Supplementary Service Providers 96 Chapter 7: Key Market Players 97 7.1 Accellus Communication Networks 97 7.2 Aclara Technologies 98 7.3 Actility 99 7.4 Adeunis RF 100 7.5 Aerea 101 7.6 Altair Semiconductor 102 7.7 AM Telecom 103 7.8 AMBER Wireless 104 7.9 Arkessa 105 7.10 Arqiva 106 7.11 AT&T 107 7.12 Atim 108 7.13 Atmel Corporation 109 7.14 Augtek 110 7.15 Bouygues Telecom 111 7.16 BT Group 112 7.17 Cellnex Telecom 113 7.18 CG-Wireless 114 7.19 Cisco Systems 115 7.20 Digi International 116 7.21 DT (Deutsche Telekom) 117 7.22 Du (Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company) 118 7.23 Elster Group 119 7.24 Encore Networks 120 7.25 Endetec Homerider Systems 121 7.26 Eolane 122 7.27 Ericsson 123 7.28 Etisalat Group 124 7.29 Eutelsat 125 7.30 FLASHNET 126 7.31 Gemalto 127 7.32 Helium Systems 128 7.33 Hope RF (Hope Microelectronics) 129 7.34 Huawei 130 7.35 IBM 131 7.36 IMST 132 7.37 Ingenu 133 7.38 Intel Corporation 134 7.39 KCCS (Kyocera Communication Systems) 135 7.40 KDDI Corporation 136 7.41 Kerlink 137 7.42 KPN 138 7.43 LG Innotek 139 7.44 Libelium 140 7.45 Link Labs 141 7.46 M2COMM (M²Communication) 143 7.47 M2M Spectrum Networks 144 7.48 MediaTek 145 7.49 Microchip Technology 146 7.50 Multi-Tech Systems 147 7.51 Nemeus 148 7.52 Nettrotter 149 7.53 NimbeLink 150 7.54 NNNCo (National Narrowband Network Communications) 151 7.55 Nokia 152 7.56 NTT DoCoMo 153 7.57 Nwave Technologies 154 7.58 ON Semiconductor 155 7.59 Orange 156 7.60 OrbiWise 157 7.61 Oviphone 158 7.62 PicoWAN 159 7.63 Plextek 160 7.64 Proximus Group 161 7.65 Qowiso 162 7.66 Qualcomm 163 7.67 Quectel Wireless Solutions 164 7.68 Radiocrafts 165 7.69 Sagemcom 166 7.70 Samsara Networks 167 7.71 Samsung Electronics 168 7.72 Semtech Corporation 169 7.73 Senet 170 7.74 Sequans Communications 171 7.75 Sierra Wireless 172 7.76 Sigfox 173 7.77 Silicon Labs (Silicon Laboratories) 174 7.78 SimpleCell Networks 175 7.79 Singtel Group 176 7.80 SK Telecom 177 7.81 SoftBank Group 178 7.82 Stream Technologies 179 7.83 Swisscom 180 7.84 Tata Communications 181 7.85 TechPLEX 182 7.86 Tele2 183 7.87 Telecom Design 184 7.88 Telecom Italia 185 7.89 Telefónica Group 186 7.90 Telensa 187 7.91 Telit Communications 188 7.92 Telkom SA Group 189 7.93 Telstra 190 7.94 The Things Network 191 7.95 TI (Texas Instruments) 192 7.96 Ubiik 193 7.97 U-blox 194 7.98 Verizon Communications 195 7.99 Vodafone Group 196 7.100 WAVIoT 197 7.101 WNC (Wistron NeWeb Corporation) 198 7.102 Xirgo Technologies 199 7.103 Xylem 200 7.104 ZiFiSense 201 Chapter 8: Market Analysis & Forecasts 202 8.1 Global Outlook of LPWA Networks 202 8.1.1 LPWA Network Connections 202 8.1.2 LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue 203 8.2 Connectivity vs. Application Services 203 8.2.1 Connectivity Revenue 204 8.2.2 IoT Application Service Revenue 204 8.3 Technology Submarket Segmentation 205 8.3.1 Proprietary LPWA Technologies 206 8.3.2 NB-IoT 207 8.3.3 LTE Cat-M1 208 8.3.4 EC-GSM-IoT 209 8.4 Vertical Market Segmentation 210 8.4.1 Agriculture 211 8.4.2 Asset Management & Logistics 212 8.4.3 Automotive & Transportation 213 8.4.4 Consumer Applications & Home Automation 214 8.4.5 Energy & Utilities 215 8.4.6 Healthcare 216 8.4.7 Intelligent Buildings & Infrastructure 217 8.4.8 Public Safety, Security & Surveillance 218 8.4.9 Retail & Vending 219 8.4.10 Others 220 8.5 Regional Segmentation 221 8.5.1 Asia Pacific 222 8.5.2 Eastern Europe 223 8.5.3 Middle East & Africa 224 8.5.4 Latin & Central America 225 8.5.5 North America 226 8.5.6 Western Europe 227 Chapter 9: Conclusion & Strategic Recommendations 228 9.1 Why is the Market Poised to Grow? 228 9.2 Competitive Industry Landscape: Acquisitions, Alliances & Consolidation 228 9.3 Prospects of Licensed Spectrum for LPWA Networks 229 9.3.1 Uncertainty for Proprietary Technologies 229 9.3.2 Spectrum Allocation Strategies for NB-IoT, LTE-M and EC-GSM-IoT 230 9.4 SWOT Analysis: LPWA vs. Competing Technologies 231 9.5 Geographic Outlook: Which Regions Offer the Highest Growth Potential? 232 9.6 Reducing LPWA Module Costs 233 9.7 Smart City Infrastructure Projects: Driving LPWA Network Rollouts 234 9.8 Impact on Mobile Operators: Opportunities & Challenges 234 9.9 Future Prospects for Proprietary LPWA Technologies 235 9.1 How Are Vendors Differentiating Their Offerings? 236 9.11 Strategic Recommendations 237 9.11.1 LPWA Technology Providers 237 9.11.2 Other Enabling Technology Providers 237 9.11.3 Mobile Operators 237 9.11.4 MVNOs & Aggregators 238 9.11.5 IoT Platform Providers 238 9.11.6 System Integrators & Vertical Market Specialists 239
List of Figures Figure 1: The IoT Vision 29 Figure 2: M2M & IoT Network Architecture 30 Figure 3: Global Wide Area M2M Connections by Technology: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 32 Figure 4: Telensa’s Smart Lighting Solution 42 Figure 5: LoRaWAN Architecture 44 Figure 6: Comparison of Weightless Open LPWA Standards 45 Figure 7: Key Performance Characteristics of 3GPP LPWA Technologies 50 Figure 8: NB-IoT Deployment Options 53 Figure 9: LPWA Networks Industry Roadmap 93 Figure 10: LPWA Networks Value Chain 95 Figure 11: Global LPWA Network Connections: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 204 Figure 12: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 205 Figure 13: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue by Submarket: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 205 Figure 14: Global LPWA Network Connectivity Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 206 Figure 15: Global LPWA Network IoT Application Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 206 Figure 16: Global LPWA Network Connections by Technology: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 207 Figure 17: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue by Technology: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 207 Figure 18: Global Proprietary LPWA Network Connections: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 208 Figure 19: Global Proprietary LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 208 Figure 20: Global NB-IoT Network Connections: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 209 Figure 21: Global NB-IoT Network IoT Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 209 Figure 22: Global LTE Cat-M1 Network Connections: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 210 Figure 23: Global LTE Cat-M1 Network IoT Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 210 Figure 24: Global EC-GSM-IoT Network Connections: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 211 Figure 25: Global EC-GSM-IoT Network IoT Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 211 Figure 26: Global LPWA Network Connections by Vertical: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 212 Figure 27: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue by Vertical: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 212 Figure 28: Global LPWA Network Connections in Agriculture: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 213 Figure 29: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue in Agriculture: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 213 Figure 30: Global LPWA Network Connections in Asset Management & Logistics: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 214 Figure 31: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue in Asset Management & Logistics: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 214 Figure 32: Global LPWA Network Connections in Automotive & Transportation: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 215 Figure 33: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue in Automotive & Transportation: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 215 Figure 34: Global LPWA Network Connections in Consumer Applications & Home Automation: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 216 Figure 35: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue in Consumer Applications & Home Automation: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 216 Figure 36: Global LPWA Network Connections in Energy & Utilities: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 217 Figure 37: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue in Energy & Utilities: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 217 Figure 38: Global LPWA Network Connections in Healthcare: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 218 Figure 39: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue in Healthcare: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 218 Figure 40: Global LPWA Network Connections in Intelligent Buildings & Infrastructure: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 219 Figure 41: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue in Intelligent Buildings & Infrastructure: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 219 Figure 42: Global LPWA Network Connections in Public Safety, Security & Surveillance: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 220 Figure 43: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue in Public Safety, Security & Surveillance: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 220 Figure 44: Global LPWA Network Connections in Retail & Vending: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 221 Figure 45: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue in Retail & Vending: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 221 Figure 46: Global LPWA Network Connections in Other Verticals: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 222 Figure 47: Global LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue in Other Verticals: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 222 Figure 48: LPWA Network Connections by Region: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 223 Figure 49: LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue by Region: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 223 Figure 50: Asia Pacific LPWA Network Connections: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 224 Figure 51: Asia Pacific LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 224 Figure 52: Eastern Europe LPWA Network Connections: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 225 Figure 53: Eastern Europe LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 225 Figure 54: Middle East & Africa LPWA Network Connections: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 226 Figure 55: Middle East & Africa LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 226 Figure 56: Latin & Central America LPWA Network Connections: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 227 Figure 57: Latin & Central America LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 227 Figure 58: North America LPWA Network Connections: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 228 Figure 59: North America LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 228 Figure 60: Western Europe LPWA Network Connections: 2017 - 2030 (Millions) 229 Figure 61: Western Europe LPWA Network IoT Service Revenue: 2017 - 2030 ($ Billion) 229 Figure 62: SWOT Matrix: LPWA vs. Competing M2M Networking Technologies 233 Figure 63: Price Breakdown of an LPWA Module 235
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