Toll Free: 1-888-928-9744
Published: Jun, 2018 | Pages:
113 | Publisher: QYResearch
Industry: Medical Devices | Report Format: Electronic (PDF)
This report studies the global Root Canal Irrigatos market status and forecast, categorizes the global Root Canal Irrigatos market size (value & volume) by manufacturers, type, application, and region. This report focuses on the top manufacturers in North America, Europe, Japan, China, India, Southeast Asia and other regions (Central & South America, and Middle East & Africa). Root Canal Irrigator is a kind of dental device used to clean the root canal. Europe is the largest consumption of Root Canal Irrigators, with a revenue market share nearly 35.00% in 2015. The second place is North America; following Europe with the revenue market share over 28.82% in 2015. China is another important consumption market of Root Canal Irrigators. Root Canal Irrigators mainly has many kinds, including Manual Root Canal Irrigators, Ultrasonic & Sonic Root Canal Irrigators and Other Root Canal Irrigators. The revenue market share of Manual Root Canal Irrigators is 51.16% in 2015. The global Root Canal Irrigatos market is valued at 120 million US$ in 2017 and will reach 180 million US$ by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of 5.3% during 2018-2025. The major manufacturers covered in this report DENTSPLY International Kerr DURR DENTAL VDW GmbH Dental Nanotechnology SP.Z O.O. Vista Dental Products B&L Biotech USA SMOOLES.B.V. Transcodent GmbH & Co. KG Itena Clinical Laboratory Veirun Geographically, this report studies the top producers and consumers, focuses on product capacity, production, value, consumption, market share and growth opportunity in these key regions, covering North America Europe China Japan India Southeast Asia Other regions (Central & South America, Middle East & Africa) We can also provide the customized separate regional or country-level reports, for the following regions: North America United States Canada Mexico Asia-Pacific China India Japan South Korea Australia Indonesia Singapore Rest of Asia-Pacific Europe Germany France UK Italy Spain Russia Rest of Europe Central & South America Brazil Argentina Rest of South America Middle East & Africa Saudi Arabia Turkey Rest of Middle East & Africa On the basis of product, this report displays the production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into Manual Root Canal Irrigators Ultrasonic & Sonic Root Canal Irrigators Others By Application, the market can be split into Hospital Clinic The study objectives of this report are: To analyze and study the global Root Canal Irrigatos capacity, production, value, consumption, status (2013-2017) and forecast (2018-2025); Focuses on the key Root Canal Irrigatos manufacturers, to study the capacity, production, value, market share and development plans in future. Focuses on the global key manufacturers, to define, describe and analyze the market competition landscape, SWOT analysis. To define, describe and forecast the market by type, application and region. To analyze the global and key regions market potential and advantage, opportunity and challenge, restraints and risks. To identify significant trends and factors driving or inhibiting the market growth. To analyze the opportunities in the market for stakeholders by identifying the high growth segments. To strategically analyze each submarket with respect to individual growth trend and their contribution to the market. To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market. To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their growth strategies. In this study, the years considered to estimate the market size of Root Canal Irrigatos are as follows: History Year: 2013-2017 Base Year: 2017 Estimated Year: 2018 Forecast Year 2018 to 2025 For the data information by region, company, type and application, 2017 is considered as the base year. Whenever data information was unavailable for the base year, the prior year has been considered. Key Stakeholders Root Canal Irrigatos Manufacturers Root Canal Irrigatos Distributors/Traders/Wholesalers Root Canal Irrigatos Subcomponent Manufacturers Industry Association Downstream Vendors Available Customizations With the given market data, QYResearch offers customizations according to the company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report: Regional and country-level analysis of the Root Canal Irrigatos market, by end-use. Detailed analysis and profiles of additional market players.
Table of Contents Global Root Canal Irrigatos Market Professional Survey Report 2018 1 Industry Overview of Root Canal Irrigatos 1.1 Definition and Specifications of Root Canal Irrigatos 1.1.1 Definition of Root Canal Irrigatos 1.1.2 Specifications of Root Canal Irrigatos 1.2 Classification of Root Canal Irrigatos 1.2.1 Manual Root Canal Irrigators 1.2.2 Ultrasonic & Sonic Root Canal Irrigators 1.2.3 Others 1.3 Applications of Root Canal Irrigatos 1.3.1 Hospital 1.3.2 Clinic 1.4 Market Segment by Regions 1.4.1 North America 1.4.2 Europe 1.4.3 China 1.4.4 Japan 1.4.5 Southeast Asia 1.4.6 India 2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Root Canal Irrigatos 2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers 2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Root Canal Irrigatos 2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Root Canal Irrigatos 2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Root Canal Irrigatos 3 Technical Data and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Root Canal Irrigatos 3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Global Root Canal Irrigatos Major Manufacturers in 2017 3.2 Manufacturing Plants Distribution of Global Root Canal Irrigatos Major Manufacturers in 2017 3.3 R&D Status and Technology Source of Global Root Canal Irrigatos Major Manufacturers in 2017 3.4 Raw Materials Sources Analysis of Global Root Canal Irrigatos Major Manufacturers in 2017 4 Global Root Canal Irrigatos Overall Market Overview 4.1 2013-2018E Overall Market Analysis 4.2 Capacity Analysis 4.2.1 2013-2018E Global Root Canal Irrigatos Capacity and Growth Rate Analysis 4.2.2 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Capacity Analysis (Company Segment) 4.3 Sales Analysis 4.3.1 2013-2018E Global Root Canal Irrigatos Sales and Growth Rate Analysis 4.3.2 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Analysis (Company Segment) 4.4 Sales Price Analysis 4.4.1 2013-2018E Global Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price 4.4.2 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price Analysis (Company Segment) 5 Root Canal Irrigatos Regional Market Analysis 5.1 North America Root Canal Irrigatos Market Analysis 5.1.1 North America Root Canal Irrigatos Market Overview 5.1.2 North America 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.1.3 North America 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price Analysis 5.1.4 North America 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Market Share Analysis 5.2 Europe Root Canal Irrigatos Market Analysis 5.2.1 Europe Root Canal Irrigatos Market Overview 5.2.2 Europe 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.2.3 Europe 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price Analysis 5.2.4 Europe 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Market Share Analysis 5.3 China Root Canal Irrigatos Market Analysis 5.3.1 China Root Canal Irrigatos Market Overview 5.3.2 China 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.3.3 China 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price Analysis 5.3.4 China 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Market Share Analysis 5.4 Japan Root Canal Irrigatos Market Analysis 5.4.1 Japan Root Canal Irrigatos Market Overview 5.4.2 Japan 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.4.3 Japan 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price Analysis 5.4.4 Japan 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Market Share Analysis 5.5 Southeast Asia Root Canal Irrigatos Market Analysis 5.5.1 Southeast Asia Root Canal Irrigatos Market Overview 5.5.2 Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.5.3 Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price Analysis 5.5.4 Southeast Asia 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Market Share Analysis 5.6 India Root Canal Irrigatos Market Analysis 5.6.1 India Root Canal Irrigatos Market Overview 5.6.2 India 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis 5.6.3 India 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price Analysis 5.6.4 India 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Market Share Analysis 6 Global 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Segment Market Analysis (by Type) 6.1 Global 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales by Type 6.2 Different Types of Root Canal Irrigatos Product Interview Price Analysis 6.3 Different Types of Root Canal Irrigatos Product Driving Factors Analysis 6.3.1 Manual Root Canal Irrigators Growth Driving Factor Analysis 6.3.2 Ultrasonic & Sonic Root Canal Irrigators Growth Driving Factor Analysis 6.3.3 Others Growth Driving Factor Analysis 7 Global 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Segment Market Analysis (by Application) 7.1 Global 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption by Application 7.2 Different Application of Root Canal Irrigatos Product Interview Price Analysis 7.3 Different Application of Root Canal Irrigatos Product Driving Factors Analysis 7.3.1 Hospital of Root Canal Irrigatos Growth Driving Factor Analysis 7.3.2 Clinic of Root Canal Irrigatos Growth Driving Factor Analysis 8 Major Manufacturers Analysis of Root Canal Irrigatos 8.1 DENTSPLY International 8.1.1 Company Profile 8.1.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.1.2.1 Product A 8.1.2.2 Product B 8.1.3 DENTSPLY International 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.1.4 DENTSPLY International 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.2 Kerr 8.2.1 Company Profile 8.2.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.2.2.1 Product A 8.2.2.2 Product B 8.2.3 Kerr 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.2.4 Kerr 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.3 DURR DENTAL 8.3.1 Company Profile 8.3.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.3.2.1 Product A 8.3.2.2 Product B 8.3.3 DURR DENTAL 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.3.4 DURR DENTAL 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.4 VDW GmbH 8.4.1 Company Profile 8.4.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.4.2.1 Product A 8.4.2.2 Product B 8.4.3 VDW GmbH 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.4.4 VDW GmbH 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.5 Dental Nanotechnology SP.Z O.O. 8.5.1 Company Profile 8.5.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.5.2.1 Product A 8.5.2.2 Product B 8.5.3 Dental Nanotechnology SP.Z O.O. 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.5.4 Dental Nanotechnology SP.Z O.O. 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.6 Vista Dental Products 8.6.1 Company Profile 8.6.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.6.2.1 Product A 8.6.2.2 Product B 8.6.3 Vista Dental Products 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.6.4 Vista Dental Products 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.7 B&L Biotech USA 8.7.1 Company Profile 8.7.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.7.2.1 Product A 8.7.2.2 Product B 8.7.3 B&L Biotech USA 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.7.4 B&L Biotech USA 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.8 SMOOLES.B.V. 8.8.1 Company Profile 8.8.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.8.2.1 Product A 8.8.2.2 Product B 8.8.3 SMOOLES.B.V. 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.8.4 SMOOLES.B.V. 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.9 Transcodent GmbH & Co. KG 8.9.1 Company Profile 8.9.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.9.2.1 Product A 8.9.2.2 Product B 8.9.3 Transcodent GmbH & Co. KG 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.9.4 Transcodent GmbH & Co. KG 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.10 Itena Clinical Laboratory 8.10.1 Company Profile 8.10.2 Product Picture and Specifications 8.10.2.1 Product A 8.10.2.2 Product B 8.10.3 Itena Clinical Laboratory 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis 8.10.4 Itena Clinical Laboratory 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Analysis 8.11 Veirun 9 Development Trend of Analysis of Root Canal Irrigatos Market 9.1 Global Root Canal Irrigatos Market Trend Analysis 9.1.1 Global 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast 9.1.2 Global 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price Forecast 9.2 Root Canal Irrigatos Regional Market Trend 9.2.1 North America 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Forecast 9.2.2 Europe 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Forecast 9.2.3 China 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Forecast 9.2.4 Japan 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Forecast 9.2.5 Southeast Asia 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Forecast 9.2.6 India 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Forecast 9.3 Root Canal Irrigatos Market Trend (Product Type) 9.4 Root Canal Irrigatos Market Trend (Application) 10 Root Canal Irrigatos Marketing Type Analysis 10.1 Root Canal Irrigatos Regional Marketing Type Analysis 10.2 Root Canal Irrigatos International Trade Type Analysis 10.3 Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of Root Canal Irrigatos by Region 10.4 Root Canal Irrigatos Supply Chain Analysis 11 Consumers Analysis of Root Canal Irrigatos 11.1 Consumer 1 Analysis 11.2 Consumer 2 Analysis 11.3 Consumer 3 Analysis 11.4 Consumer 4 Analysis 12 Conclusion of the Global Root Canal Irrigatos Market Professional Survey Report 2017 Methodology Analyst Introduction Data Source
List of Tables and Figures Figure Picture of Root Canal Irrigatos Table Product Specifications of Root Canal Irrigatos Table Classification of Root Canal Irrigatos Figure Global Production Market Share of Root Canal Irrigatos by Type in 2017 Figure Manual Root Canal Irrigators Picture Table Major Manufacturers of Manual Root Canal Irrigators Figure Ultrasonic & Sonic Root Canal Irrigators Picture Table Major Manufacturers of Ultrasonic & Sonic Root Canal Irrigators Figure Others Picture Table Major Manufacturers of Others Table Applications of Root Canal Irrigatos Figure Global Consumption Volume Market Share of Root Canal Irrigatos by Application in 2017 Figure Hospital Examples Table Major Consumers in Hospital Figure Clinic Examples Table Major Consumers in Clinic Figure Market Share of Root Canal Irrigatos by Regions Figure North America Root Canal Irrigatos Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Figure Europe Root Canal Irrigatos Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Figure China Root Canal Irrigatos Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Figure Japan Root Canal Irrigatos Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Figure Southeast Asia Root Canal Irrigatos Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Figure India Root Canal Irrigatos Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025) Table Root Canal Irrigatos Raw Material and Suppliers Table Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Root Canal Irrigatos in 2017 Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Root Canal Irrigatos Figure Industry Chain Structure of Root Canal Irrigatos Table Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Global Root Canal Irrigatos Major Manufacturers in 2017 Table Manufacturing Plants Distribution of Global Root Canal Irrigatos Major Manufacturers in 2017 Table R&D Status and Technology Source of Global Root Canal Irrigatos Major Manufacturers in 2017 Table Raw Materials Sources Analysis of Global Root Canal Irrigatos Major Manufacturers in 2017 Table Global Capacity, Sales , Price, Cost, Sales Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Root Canal Irrigatos 2013-2018E Figure Global 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Market Size (Volume) and Growth Rate Figure Global 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Market Size (Value) and Growth Rate Table 2013-2018E Global Root Canal Irrigatos Capacity and Growth Rate Table 2017 Global Root Canal Irrigatos Capacity (K Units) List (Company Segment) Table 2013-2018E Global Root Canal Irrigatos Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate Table 2017 Global Root Canal Irrigatos Sales (K Units) List (Company Segment) Table 2013-2018E Global Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price (USD/Unit) Table 2017 Global Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price (USD/Unit) List (Company Segment) Figure North America Capacity Overview Table North America Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Root Canal Irrigatos 2013-2018E Figure North America 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure North America 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Market Share Figure Europe Capacity Overview Table Europe Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Root Canal Irrigatos 2013-2018E Figure Europe 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure Europe 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Market Share Figure China Capacity Overview Table China Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Root Canal Irrigatos 2013-2018E Figure China 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure China 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Market Share Figure Japan Capacity Overview Table Japan Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Root Canal Irrigatos 2013-2018E Figure Japan 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure Japan 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Market Share Figure Southeast Asia Capacity Overview Table Southeast Asia Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Root Canal Irrigatos 2013-2018E Figure Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure Southeast Asia 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Market Share Figure India Capacity Overview Table India Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Root Canal Irrigatos 2013-2018E Figure India 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price (USD/Unit) Figure India 2017 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Market Share Table Global 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales (K Units) by Type Table Different Types Root Canal Irrigatos Product Interview Price Table Global 2013-2018E Root Canal Irrigatos Sales (K Units) by Application Table Different Application Root Canal Irrigatos Product Interview Price Table DENTSPLY International Information List Table Product Overview Table 2017 DENTSPLY International Root Canal Irrigatos Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 DENTSPLY International Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Table Kerr Information List Table Product Overview Table 2017 Kerr Root Canal Irrigatos Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Kerr Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Table DURR DENTAL Information List Table Product Overview Table 2017 DURR DENTAL Root Canal Irrigatos Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 DURR DENTAL Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Table VDW GmbH Information List Table Product Overview Table 2017 VDW GmbH Root Canal Irrigatos Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 VDW GmbH Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Table Dental Nanotechnology SP.Z O.O. Information List Table Product Overview Table 2017 Dental Nanotechnology SP.Z O.O. Root Canal Irrigatos Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Dental Nanotechnology SP.Z O.O. Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Table Vista Dental Products Information List Table Product Overview Table 2017 Vista Dental Products Root Canal Irrigatos Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Vista Dental Products Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Table B&L Biotech USA Information List Table Product Overview Table 2017 B&L Biotech USA Root Canal Irrigatos Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 B&L Biotech USA Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Table SMOOLES.B.V. Information List Table Product Overview Table 2017 SMOOLES.B.V. Root Canal Irrigatos Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 SMOOLES.B.V. Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Table Transcodent GmbH & Co. KG Information List Table Product Overview Table 2017 Transcodent GmbH & Co. KG Root Canal Irrigatos Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Transcodent GmbH & Co. KG Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Table Itena Clinical Laboratory Information List Table Product Overview Table 2017 Itena Clinical Laboratory Root Canal Irrigatos Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) Figure 2017 Itena Clinical Laboratory Root Canal Irrigatos Business Region Distribution Table Veirun Information List Figure Global 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Market Size (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure Global 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Market Size (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure Global 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Sales Price (USD/Unit) Forecast Figure North America 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure China 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure Europe 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure Southeast Asia 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure Japan 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Figure India 2018-2025 Root Canal Irrigatos Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast Table Global Sales Volume (K Units) of Root Canal Irrigatos by Type 2018-2025 Table Global Consumption Volume (K Units) of Root Canal Irrigatos by Application 2018-2025 Table Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of Root Canal Irrigatos by Region
Speak to the report author to design an exclusive study to serve your research needs.
Your personal and confidential information is safe and secure.