Toll Free: 1-888-928-9744

Global Peanut Oil Market Professional Survey Report 2018

Published: May, 2018 | Pages: 126 | Publisher: QYResearch
Industry: Food & Beverages | Report Format: Electronic (PDF)

This report studies the global Peanut Oil market status and forecast, categorizes the global Peanut Oil market size (value & volume) by manufacturers, type, application, and region. This report focuses on the top manufacturers in North America, Europe, Japan, China, India, Southeast Asia and other regions (Central & South America, and Middle East & Africa).

The global Peanut Oil market is valued at xx million US$ in 2017 and is expected to reach xx million US$ by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of xx.x % between 2018 and 2025.

The major manufacturers covered in this report
    ADM
    Bunge
    Cargill
    Louis Dreyfus
    Wilmar International
    Corbion
    Shandong Luhua
    Cofco
    Donlinks
    Yihai Kerry
    Longda
    Qingdao Changsheng
    Shangdong Jinsheng
    Shandong Bohi Industry
    Shandong Bohi Industry
    Hunan Jinlong
    Sanhe hopefull
    Dalian Huanong
    Shandong Sanwei
    Qingdao Tianxiang
    Guangdong Yingmai
    Henan Sunshine Group Corporation

Geographically, this report studies the top producers and consumers, focuses on product capacity, production, value, consumption, market share and growth opportunity in these key regions, covering
    North America
    Europe
    China
    Japan
    India
    Southeast Asia
    Other regions (Central & South America, Middle East & Africa)

The regional scope of the study is as follows:
    North America
        United States
        Canada
        Mexico
    Asia-Pacific
        China
        India
        Japan
        South Korea
        Australia
        Indonesia
        Singapore
        Rest of Asia-Pacific
    Europe
        Germany
        France
        UK
        Italy
        Spain
        Russia
        Rest of Europe
    Central & South America
        Brazil
        Argentina
        Rest of South America
    Middle East & Africa
        Saudi Arabia
        Turkey
        Rest of Middle East & Africa

On the basis of product, this report displays the production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into
    Cold Pressed
    Hot Pressed

By Application, the market can be split into
    Home
    Restaurant
    Food Manufacture
    Other

The study objectives of this report are:
    To analyze and study the global Peanut Oil capacity, production, value, consumption, status (2013-2017) and forecast (2018-2025);
    Focuses on the key Peanut Oil manufacturers, to study the capacity, production, value, market share and development plans in future.
    Focuses on the global key manufacturers, to define, describe and analyze the market competition landscape, SWOT analysis.
    To define, describe and forecast the market by type, application and region.
    To analyze the global and key regions market potential and advantage, opportunity and challenge, restraints and risks.
    To identify significant trends and factors driving or inhibiting the market growth.
    To analyze the opportunities in the market for stakeholders by identifying the high growth segments.
    To strategically analyze each submarket with respect to individual growth trend and their contribution to the market.
    To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.
    To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their growth strategies.

In this study, the years considered to estimate the market size of Peanut Oil are as follows:
    History Year: 2013-2017
    Base Year: 2017
    Estimated Year: 2018
    Forecast Year 2018 to 2025

For the data information by region, company, type and application, 2017 is considered as the base year. Whenever data information was unavailable for the base year, the prior year has been considered.

Key Stakeholders
Peanut Oil Manufacturers
Peanut Oil Distributors/Traders/Wholesalers
Peanut Oil Subcomponent Manufacturers
Industry Association
Downstream Vendors

Available Customizations
With the given market data, QYResearch offers customizations according to the company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:
Regional and country-level analysis of the Peanut Oil market, by end-use.
Detailed analysis and profiles of additional market players.
 Table of Contents

Global Peanut Oil Market Professional Survey Report 2018
1 Industry Overview of Peanut Oil
    1.1 Definition and Specifications of Peanut Oil
        1.1.1 Definition of Peanut Oil
        1.1.2 Specifications of Peanut Oil
    1.2 Classification of Peanut Oil
        1.2.1 Cold Pressed
        1.2.2 Hot Pressed
    1.3 Applications of Peanut Oil
        1.3.1 Home
        1.3.2 Restaurant
        1.3.3 Food Manufacture
        1.3.4 Other
    1.4 Market Segment by Regions
        1.4.1 North America
        1.4.2 Europe
        1.4.3 China
        1.4.4 Japan
        1.4.5 Southeast Asia
        1.4.6 India

2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Peanut Oil
    2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
    2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Peanut Oil
    2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Peanut Oil
    2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Peanut Oil

3 Technical Data and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Peanut Oil
    3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Global Peanut Oil Major Manufacturers in 2017
    3.2 Manufacturing Plants Distribution of Global Peanut Oil Major Manufacturers in 2017
    3.3 R&D Status and Technology Source of Global Peanut Oil Major Manufacturers in 2017
    3.4 Raw Materials Sources Analysis of Global Peanut Oil Major Manufacturers in 2017

4 Global Peanut Oil Overall Market Overview
    4.1 2013-2018E Overall Market Analysis
    4.2 Capacity Analysis
        4.2.1 2013-2018E Global Peanut Oil Capacity and Growth Rate Analysis
        4.2.2 2017 Peanut Oil Capacity Analysis (Company Segment)
    4.3 Sales Analysis
        4.3.1 2013-2018E Global Peanut Oil Sales and Growth Rate Analysis
        4.3.2 2017 Peanut Oil Sales Analysis (Company Segment)
    4.4 Sales Price Analysis
        4.4.1 2013-2018E Global Peanut Oil Sales Price
        4.4.2 2017 Peanut Oil Sales Price Analysis (Company Segment)

5 Peanut Oil Regional Market Analysis
    5.1 North America Peanut Oil Market Analysis
        5.1.1 North America Peanut Oil Market Overview
        5.1.2 North America 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
        5.1.3 North America 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price Analysis
        5.1.4 North America 2017 Peanut Oil Market Share Analysis
    5.2 Europe Peanut Oil Market Analysis
        5.2.1 Europe Peanut Oil Market Overview
        5.2.2 Europe 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
        5.2.3 Europe 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price Analysis
        5.2.4 Europe 2017 Peanut Oil Market Share Analysis
    5.3 China Peanut Oil Market Analysis
        5.3.1 China Peanut Oil Market Overview
        5.3.2 China 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
        5.3.3 China 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price Analysis
        5.3.4 China 2017 Peanut Oil Market Share Analysis
    5.4 Japan Peanut Oil Market Analysis
        5.4.1 Japan Peanut Oil Market Overview
        5.4.2 Japan 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
        5.4.3 Japan 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price Analysis
        5.4.4 Japan 2017 Peanut Oil Market Share Analysis
    5.5 Southeast Asia Peanut Oil Market Analysis
        5.5.1 Southeast Asia Peanut Oil Market Overview
        5.5.2 Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
        5.5.3 Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price Analysis
        5.5.4 Southeast Asia 2017 Peanut Oil Market Share Analysis
    5.6 India Peanut Oil Market Analysis
        5.6.1 India Peanut Oil Market Overview
        5.6.2 India 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
        5.6.3 India 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price Analysis
        5.6.4 India 2017 Peanut Oil Market Share Analysis

6 Global 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Segment Market Analysis (by Type)
    6.1 Global 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales by Type
    6.2 Different Types of Peanut Oil Product Interview Price Analysis
    6.3 Different Types of Peanut Oil Product Driving Factors Analysis
        6.3.1 Cold Pressed of Peanut Oil Growth Driving Factor Analysis
        6.3.2 Hot Pressed of Peanut Oil Growth Driving Factor Analysis

7 Global 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Segment Market Analysis (by Application)
    7.1 Global 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Consumption by Application
    7.2 Different Application of Peanut Oil Product Interview Price Analysis
    7.3 Different Application of Peanut Oil Product Driving Factors Analysis
        7.3.1 Home of Peanut Oil Growth Driving Factor Analysis
        7.3.2 Restaurant of Peanut Oil Growth Driving Factor Analysis
        7.3.3 Food Manufacture of Peanut Oil Growth Driving Factor Analysis
        7.3.4 Other of Peanut Oil Growth Driving Factor Analysis

8 Major Manufacturers Analysis of Peanut Oil
    8.1 ADM
        8.1.1 Company Profile
        8.1.2 Product Picture and Specifications
            8.1.2.1 Product A
            8.1.2.2 Product B
        8.1.3 ADM 2017 Peanut Oil Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
        8.1.4 ADM 2017 Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution Analysis
    8.2 Bunge
        8.2.1 Company Profile
        8.2.2 Product Picture and Specifications
            8.2.2.1 Product A
            8.2.2.2 Product B
        8.2.3 Bunge 2017 Peanut Oil Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
        8.2.4 Bunge 2017 Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution Analysis
    8.3 Cargill
        8.3.1 Company Profile
        8.3.2 Product Picture and Specifications
            8.3.2.1 Product A
            8.3.2.2 Product B
        8.3.3 Cargill 2017 Peanut Oil Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
        8.3.4 Cargill 2017 Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution Analysis
    8.4 Louis Dreyfus
        8.4.1 Company Profile
        8.4.2 Product Picture and Specifications
            8.4.2.1 Product A
            8.4.2.2 Product B
        8.4.3 Louis Dreyfus 2017 Peanut Oil Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
        8.4.4 Louis Dreyfus 2017 Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution Analysis
    8.5 Wilmar International
        8.5.1 Company Profile
        8.5.2 Product Picture and Specifications
            8.5.2.1 Product A
            8.5.2.2 Product B
        8.5.3 Wilmar International 2017 Peanut Oil Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
        8.5.4 Wilmar International 2017 Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution Analysis
    8.6 Corbion
        8.6.1 Company Profile
        8.6.2 Product Picture and Specifications
            8.6.2.1 Product A
            8.6.2.2 Product B
        8.6.3 Corbion 2017 Peanut Oil Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
        8.6.4 Corbion 2017 Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution Analysis
    8.7 Shandong Luhua
        8.7.1 Company Profile
        8.7.2 Product Picture and Specifications
            8.7.2.1 Product A
            8.7.2.2 Product B
        8.7.3 Shandong Luhua 2017 Peanut Oil Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
        8.7.4 Shandong Luhua 2017 Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution Analysis
    8.8 Cofco
        8.8.1 Company Profile
        8.8.2 Product Picture and Specifications
            8.8.2.1 Product A
            8.8.2.2 Product B
        8.8.3 Cofco 2017 Peanut Oil Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
        8.8.4 Cofco 2017 Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution Analysis
    8.9 Donlinks
        8.9.1 Company Profile
        8.9.2 Product Picture and Specifications
            8.9.2.1 Product A
            8.9.2.2 Product B
        8.9.3 Donlinks 2017 Peanut Oil Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
        8.9.4 Donlinks 2017 Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution Analysis
    8.10 Yihai Kerry
        8.10.1 Company Profile
        8.10.2 Product Picture and Specifications
            8.10.2.1 Product A
            8.10.2.2 Product B
        8.10.3 Yihai Kerry 2017 Peanut Oil Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
        8.10.4 Yihai Kerry 2017 Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution Analysis
    8.11 Longda
    8.12 Qingdao Changsheng
    8.13 Shangdong Jinsheng
    8.14 Shandong Bohi Industry
    8.15 Shandong Bohi Industry
    8.16 Hunan Jinlong
    8.17 Sanhe hopefull
    8.18 Dalian Huanong
    8.19 Shandong Sanwei
    8.20 Qingdao Tianxiang
    8.21 Guangdong Yingmai
    8.22 Henan Sunshine Group Corporation

9 Development Trend of Analysis of Peanut Oil Market
    9.1 Global Peanut Oil Market Trend Analysis
        9.1.1 Global 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast
        9.1.2 Global 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Sales Price Forecast
    9.2 Peanut Oil Regional Market Trend
        9.2.1 North America 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Forecast
        9.2.2 Europe 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Forecast
        9.2.3 China 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Forecast
        9.2.4 Japan 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Forecast
        9.2.5 Southeast Asia 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Forecast
        9.2.6 India 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Forecast
    9.3 Peanut Oil Market Trend (Product Type)
    9.4 Peanut Oil Market Trend (Application)

10 Peanut Oil Marketing Type Analysis
    10.1 Peanut Oil Regional Marketing Type Analysis
    10.2 Peanut Oil International Trade Type Analysis
    10.3 Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of Peanut Oil by Region
    10.4 Peanut Oil Supply Chain Analysis

11 Consumers Analysis of Peanut Oil
    11.1 Consumer 1 Analysis
    11.2 Consumer 2 Analysis
    11.3 Consumer 3 Analysis
    11.4 Consumer 4 Analysis

12 Conclusion of the Global Peanut Oil Market Professional Survey Report 2017
    Methodology
    Analyst Introduction
    Data Source
List of Tables and Figures
    Figure Picture of Peanut Oil
    Table Product Specifications of Peanut Oil
    Table Classification of Peanut Oil
    Figure Global Production Market Share of Peanut Oil by Type in 2017
    Figure Cold Pressed Picture
    Table Major Manufacturers of Cold Pressed
    Figure Hot Pressed Picture
    Table Major Manufacturers of Hot Pressed
    Table Applications of Peanut Oil
    Figure Global Consumption Volume Market Share of Peanut Oil by Application in 2017
    Figure Home Examples
    Table Major Consumers in Home
    Figure Restaurant Examples
    Table Major Consumers in Restaurant
    Figure Food Manufacture Examples
    Table Major Consumers in Food Manufacture
    Figure Other Examples
    Table Major Consumers in Other
    Figure Market Share of Peanut Oil by Regions
    Figure North America Peanut Oil Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
    Figure Europe Peanut Oil Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
    Figure China Peanut Oil Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
    Figure Japan Peanut Oil Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
    Figure Southeast Asia Peanut Oil Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
    Figure India Peanut Oil Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
    Table Peanut Oil Raw Material and Suppliers
    Table Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Peanut Oil in 2017
    Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Peanut Oil
    Figure Industry Chain Structure of Peanut Oil
    Table Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Global Peanut Oil Major Manufacturers in 2017
    Table Manufacturing Plants Distribution of Global Peanut Oil Major Manufacturers in 2017
    Table R&D Status and Technology Source of Global Peanut Oil Major Manufacturers in 2017
    Table Raw Materials Sources Analysis of Global Peanut Oil Major Manufacturers in 2017
    Table Global Capacity, Sales , Price, Cost, Sales Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Peanut Oil 2013-2018E
    Figure Global 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Market Size (Volume) and Growth Rate
    Figure Global 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Market Size (Value) and Growth Rate
    Table 2013-2018E Global Peanut Oil Capacity and Growth Rate
    Table 2017 Global Peanut Oil Capacity (K MT) List (Company Segment)
    Table 2013-2018E Global Peanut Oil Sales (K MT) and Growth Rate
    Table 2017 Global Peanut Oil Sales (K MT) List (Company Segment)
    Table 2013-2018E Global Peanut Oil Sales Price (USD/MT)
    Table 2017 Global Peanut Oil Sales Price (USD/MT) List (Company Segment)
    Figure North America Capacity Overview
    Table North America Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K MT) of Peanut Oil 2013-2018E 
    Figure North America 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price (USD/MT)
    Figure North America 2017 Peanut Oil Sales Market Share
    Figure Europe Capacity Overview
    Table Europe Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K MT) of Peanut Oil 2013-2018E 
    Figure Europe 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price (USD/MT) 
    Figure Europe 2017 Peanut Oil Sales Market Share
    Figure China Capacity Overview
    Table China Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K MT) of Peanut Oil 2013-2018E
    Figure China 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price (USD/MT)
    Figure China 2017 Peanut Oil Sales Market Share
    Figure Japan Capacity Overview
    Table Japan Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K MT) of Peanut Oil 2013-2018E
    Figure Japan 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price (USD/MT)
    Figure Japan 2017 Peanut Oil Sales Market Share
    Figure Southeast Asia Capacity Overview
    Table Southeast Asia Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K MT) of Peanut Oil 2013-2018E
    Figure Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price (USD/MT)
    Figure Southeast Asia 2017 Peanut Oil Sales Market Share
    Figure India Capacity Overview
    Table India Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K MT) of Peanut Oil 2013-2018E
    Figure India 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales Price (USD/MT)
    Figure India 2017 Peanut Oil Sales Market Share
    Table Global 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales (K MT) by Type
    Table Different Types Peanut Oil Product Interview Price
    Table Global 2013-2018E Peanut Oil Sales (K MT) by Application
    Table Different Application Peanut Oil Product Interview Price
    Table ADM Information List
    Table Product A Overview
    Table Product B Overview
    Table 2017 ADM Peanut Oil Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K MT), Ex-factory Price (USD/MT)
    Figure 2017 ADM Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution
    Table Bunge Information List
    Table Product A Overview
    Table Product B Overview
    Table 2017 Bunge Peanut Oil Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K MT), Ex-factory Price (USD/MT)
    Figure 2017 Bunge Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution
    Table Cargill Information List
    Table Product A Overview
    Table Product B Overview
    Table 2015 Cargill Peanut Oil Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K MT), Ex-factory Price (USD/MT)
    Figure 2017 Cargill Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution
    Table Louis Dreyfus Information List
    Table Product A Overview
    Table Product B Overview
    Table 2017 Louis Dreyfus Peanut Oil Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K MT), Ex-factory Price (USD/MT)
    Figure 2017 Louis Dreyfus Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution
    Table Wilmar International Information List
    Table Product A Overview
    Table Product B Overview
    Table 2017 Wilmar International Peanut Oil Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K MT), Ex-factory Price (USD/MT)
    Figure 2017 Wilmar International Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution
    Table Corbion Information List
    Table Product A Overview
    Table Product B Overview
    Table 2017 Corbion Peanut Oil Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K MT), Ex-factory Price (USD/MT)
    Figure 2017 Corbion Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution
    Table Shandong Luhua Information List
    Table Product A Overview
    Table Product B Overview
    Table 2017 Shandong Luhua Peanut Oil Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K MT), Ex-factory Price (USD/MT)
    Figure 2017 Shandong Luhua Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution
    Table Cofco Information List
    Table Product A Overview
    Table Product B Overview
    Table 2017 Cofco Peanut Oil Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K MT), Ex-factory Price (USD/MT)
    Figure 2017 Cofco Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution
    Table Donlinks Information List
    Table Product A Overview
    Table Product B Overview
    Table 2017 Donlinks Peanut Oil Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K MT), Ex-factory Price (USD/MT)
    Figure 2017 Donlinks Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution
    Table Yihai Kerry Information List
    Table Product A Overview
    Table Product B Overview
    Table 2017 Yihai Kerry Peanut Oil Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K MT), Ex-factory Price (USD/MT)
    Figure 2017 Yihai Kerry Peanut Oil Business Region Distribution
    Table Longda Information List
    Table Qingdao Changsheng Information List
    Table Shangdong Jinsheng Information List
    Table Shandong Bohi Industry Information List
    Table Shandong Bohi Industry Information List
    Table Hunan Jinlong Information List
    Table Sanhe hopefull Information List
    Table Dalian Huanong Information List
    Table Shandong Sanwei Information List
    Table Qingdao Tianxiang Information List
    Table Guangdong Yingmai Information List
    Table Henan Sunshine Group Corporation Information List
    Figure Global 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Market Size (K MT) and Growth Rate Forecast
    Figure Global 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Market Size (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast
    Figure Global 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Sales Price (USD/MT) Forecast
    Figure North America 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Volume (K MT) and Growth Rate Forecast
    Figure China 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Volume (K MT) and Growth Rate Forecast
    Figure Europe 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Volume (K MT) and Growth Rate Forecast
    Figure Southeast Asia 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Volume (K MT) and Growth Rate Forecast
    Figure Japan 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Volume (K MT) and Growth Rate Forecast
    Figure India 2018-2025 Peanut Oil Consumption Volume (K MT) and Growth Rate Forecast
    Table Global Sales Volume (K MT) of Peanut Oil by Type 2018-2025
    Table Global Consumption Volume (K MT) of Peanut Oil by Application 2018-2025
    Table Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of Peanut Oil by Region
 



To request a free sample copy of this report, please complete the form below.

We never share your personal data. Privacy policy
Interested in this report? Get your FREE sample now! Get a Free Sample
Choose License Type
Single User - US $3500
Multi User - US $7000
Hexareeasearch Know

Did you know?

Research Assistance

Phone: 1-415-349-0054

Toll Free: 1-888-928-9744

Email: [email protected]

Why to buy from us

Custom research service

Speak to the report author to design an exclusive study to serve your research needs.

Information security

Your personal and confidential information is safe and secure.

verify